Todays Male Essays - Gender, Gender Role, Gender Inequality

Today's Male Introduction: Socialization For the most part, societies (a group of people which have common traditions, interests and institutions) have a large impact on the development of gender. Children grow up to learn from their parents, their neighbor, the baker down the road and it is this understanding of the world which constructs their lives. There is socialization in general (the learning that neophytes do in order to become functioning members of society), and [there is] gender socialization in particular (the processes through which people learn to be feminine and masculine) (Mackie, 1987:74). This research paper will deal with men in three fundamental areas of their lives: work, intimate relationships and family. To do this, the paper will only deal with men who have gone through socialization in general and who are in the changing process of gender socialization. An infant or child has a crucial need for experience with other human beings for its survival as a physical being and its development as a social being (Mackie, 1987:77). In most societies, for the large part, males have grown up learning or expected to be a dominant figure, one with the power and independence (Doyle, 1989:108). In today's modern society, males are not only affected by family, friends or neighbors; they are now heavily influenced by other mediums, such as, TV, music, movies, sports, books (fairy tales), and magazines. These are but a few influences which help shape the modern male. Men in the Workplace: Work occupies on average 40 hours a week, it therefore plays a considerably large role in peoples' lives. The Feminist movement showed, along with other issues, that it was the environment and structure of the workplace, which affected society a great deal. The Feminist movement highlighted the harsh reality of gender inequality in our society. Consequently, there seems to be an overwhelming consensus that males dominate, and have always dominated in the workplace. The reason for this unbalanced structure, as James Doyle suggests, seems to have validity when one looks at male's extreme sense of competitiveness. Competition and winning are considered masculine characteristics in our society (Doyle, 1989:168). However, competition allows for only one winner. This competitive spirit forces men to think that everything of value and worth in the world is limited or comes in fixed quantities (Doyle, 1989:169). If men grow up learning that competition and independence (as mentioned earlier) is masculine, then having a job and providing, validates men. Men will compete at all costs to provide the best for his family. Being a good provider stipulates that the more goods a male provides for his family's material well-being, the more successful (that is, masculine) he is (Doyle, 1989:173). Perhaps males assertion of masculinity through their job is a defense, a way of insisting on the exclusion of women to protect specific jobs and more general job skills from increased competition (women) (Nelson & Robinson, 1995:183). Men not only have to compete with other males, but now have to compete with women at the workplace, this in turn applies tremendous pressure on today's male. Because of this pressure, politics, sexuality, family responsibilities, and intimate relationships between the two genders have become more tenuous. Males in Intimate Relationships: Men do not want to lose at their job and they bring this mentality into their intimate relationships. This makes men less likely to express their feelings; he would be weak or unmanly if he did so. If men view themselves as independent, then he is less practised at recognizing others', and consequently his own emotions (Buchbinder, 1987:55). For many men, sex focuses these feelings and becomes the only manner of expressing them (Buchbinder, 1987:55). Relationships today are demanding, they are to be equal in all aspects; men are asked to be more expressive, have more involvement in childcare (as we will see later), and equality in domestic work (Buchbinder, 1987:60). In fact, husbands generally have more power and influence in a marriage than wives do (Doyle, 1989:246). Although men have more power, many men feel compelled to 'bad mouth' marriage, often with fellow married friends (Doyle, 1989:248). Despite this apparent inconsistency, men seem to benefit from relationships more than do women (Doyle, 1989:248). According to Doyle, there are several benefits from

How Has Migration Become A Public Problem To a Private Solution †Sociology Essay

How Has Migration Become A Public Problem To a Private Solution – Sociology Essay Free Online Research Papers How Has Migration Become A Public Problem To a Private Solution Sociology Essay Migration has become a private solution to a public problem because people are migrating to the western world to fulfill their own needs. Multitudes of people are flocking to the north to try to get by and make ends meet. They leave behind husbands, wives, and children as they go forth in search of prosperity. The public problems that countries face due to migration is that not only do people leave that have basic labor skills, people leave that are necessary for the countries survival like doctors, teachers and scientists. They leave third world homes and travel to economies that can pay them higher wages than their own country. â€Å"One way to respond to the gap between rich and poor countries is to close it privately by moving to a better paying job.† (Global women,pg:18,Ehrenreich) This only causes more problems for these deprived countries. They are left with not enough medical care and many of their country men needlessly die, and big percentages of people are left uneducated which helps maintain the ever increasing poverty level. This global migration trend affects both families in the north and the south for different reasons. For families in the south, members that entertain ideas of migration must consider what they leave behind and weigh that to what they will gain. They must step away from their safety net and venture into an unknown world. Most of the people migrating from the south are single mothers filling jobs as maids and nannies. These women leave behind their children, usually with a grandparent, and go to the north to fulfill the same duties they would do at home with their own children to these foreign children. They work hard and usually send at least half of what they earn back home to their families that are in need of an adequate place to live and food in their bellies. For the north private solutions for families are the extra hand that is needed to take care of their children and what ever else it is that they need. Since more women are working and doing it at all ages, it is harder for them to be there for their families 100 percent of the time. This is where the migrant worker comes in. Given that there are so many people in the work force there is a great demand for outside help. Through this you can see trends arise. One month it is popular to have a Hispanic nanny and the next month it has switched to Chinese. I remember watching the news and they reported on the growing trend of switching a child’s nanny to Chinese help. This was made popular by the upper class wanting their three year old child to learn Mandarin. The integration of countries continues to be on the rise. People used to migrate to meet up with family members that have already moved, but now people migrate to find jobs. They move to where the money is even if that means sacrificing their roles as mother and fathers. I work in a restaurant and have talked to Hispanic cooks about their situation. All but maybe five have their whole family in Mexico that they get to see maybe once a year. Most of them work two jobs and send all but what they need to have basic survival (place to live and food) back home to their families. They are exhausted but are their family’s only source of real income so they work everyday to help support them. Research Papers on How Has Migration Become A Public Problem To a Private Solution - Sociology EssayThe Effects of Illegal Immigration19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesTwilight of the UAWPETSTEL analysis of IndiaNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceWhere Wild and West MeetGenetic EngineeringMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

Manufacturing Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Manufacturing Process - Essay Example One thing that I found interesting and unique is the upgrading to vision sensor applications system technology from sensor technology. The main aim of upgrading was reduction of expenses related with an unfinished manufacturing processes as well as increasing the manufacturing effectiveness and efficiency within the factory. Additionally, J&J installed a vision system aimed at maintaining the standards of each product the company manufactures. Their slogan thus goes, â€Å"We never pass defect to customers.†Secondly, I was also amazed by team work at J&J. Thus J&J’s engineering team collaborated well with their Servo Dynamics in studying, planning, implementing as well as integrating the vision system with the factory first.J&J has also effectively managed in resolving sensor error problem .This has effectively reduced the manufacturing downtime by rate to zero percent (Shreefal, 2008). Following the success of vision technology systems, J&J is seriously pondering extending putting in place vision systems in the manufacturing lines of the rest of the products so as to manage high demand from the market. Maintenance of has always been, continues to be J&J’S key and first

THE VERMONT COMPANY Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

THE VERMONT COMPANY - Assignment Example Comparing the industry’s financial ratios with the ratios of Vermont Company reveal similarities hence an implication that the company is doing fairly with respect to the industry’s current situation. The accountant is therefore not justifiably concerned. Should the bank call or demand immediate repayment of the loan, then the Vermont Company has the option of taking a short borrowing from another bank or selling more shares in the market to increase the share capital of the company. g. Assuming that instead of disposable paper and plastic products that the business sells automobiles to individuals, this change in the industry would alter my recommendations. This is because different industries are affected by different factors and economic situations. Therefore, considering the fact that the disposable paper and plastic products industry is very different from the automobiles industry, the recommendations would definitely

Comparative Analysis of Slavery by Stanley Elkins and Ordeal by Fire Research Paper

Comparative Analysis of Slavery by Stanley Elkins and Ordeal by Fire by James McPherson - Research Paper Example The difference in skin colour made a total difference in the perception of humanity that led to different treatment towards different people depending on their skin colour. Slave trade became a common phenomenon in America in the early 18th century with the onset of agricultural developments and the industrial revolution. However, slavery in America can be traced back to the 16th century when the first slaves entered America, twenty of them, all blacks from the African continent. These were brought into America as permanently indentured servants leading to more Negros and Caucasians moving into America as permanently indentured servants. Slavery, later on, grew in the southern agriculture where three types of crops were grown: tobacco, rice and indigo as a means of providing cheap untrained labor (McPherson, 1982). The farm owners who grew indigo felt devastated with the smell that was associated with it and did not want to touch it hence the need to have the African slaves to work o n the production as they concentrated on the sales and the keeping of the income that was accrued from the enterprise. Two American writers Stanley Elkins and James McPherson became so bold to address the evil that was being meted out on humanity by their fellow humans. In a bid to advocate for the abolition of the vice, these writers sternly criticized the trade of slaves in America and pointed out the need to set them free as they held to the fact that all men were created equal and that the slave trade was an embarrassment to the American continent. McPherson notes that at the onset of slavery in North America, slaves rarely worked on farms since most northerners only owned subsistence farms, slaves were therefore used as cooks, butlers, and house cleaners. These were more of light chores that did not humiliate the slaves. However, the dawn of agriculture-shifted things all together and the normal manual household chores were replaced with the forced farm labour. This left the sl aves with no choice other than to admit and be receptive to the prevailing shift in working conditions. Macpherson’s protest began at the point when forced labour was entitled to the slave immigrants. Arising from this, he launched a campaign for the slaves’ freedom. He argues, â€Å"The industrial revolution's new inventions made northern slave labour uneconomical. Free labour replaced slavery in most northern states except for the border state of Delaware. Free labour emphasized the right of each individual to "sell" his labour to the highest bidder† (McPherson, 1982). Thus, the sale of men in the American markets like goods moved McPherson to challenge the ethical implications of this. This according to him was a complete disregard of the human nature by her fellow humans, to sell a person as a good in the market was an abuse to human nature â€Å"when the southwest opened up new cotton lands, after depleting the upper south's soils, the slave population aga in increased. Upper south whites bred slaves for sale in the lower south† (McPherson, 1982)

Evolutionary relationships between organisms

Evolutionary relationships between organisms What makes a good character when determining evolutionary relationships between organisms? Phylogenetics is the study of evolutionary relationships and the history between species. Phylogenetic trees can be used to illustrate phylogenetics. It is important in showing the gradual changes that have occurred between organisms which has caused one species to develop into the next. Without phylogenetic trees we would not be able to trace back to common ancestors and discover from whereabouts certain characters have emerged. Biological species is the most widely accepted definition of a species; individuals that can interbreed with each other to produce fertile offspring. It is directed more towards the idea of interbreeding. The morphological species concept, on the other hand, is based on the appearance of the organism rather than their ability to interbreed. This concept should only be used when the biological species concept cannot be used, for example when fossils are the only obtainable evidence as the organism no longer exists. A character is a feature that separates one species from another using the morphological species concept or behavioural or molecular attributes. A morphological example would be the presence or absence of a tail. To determine whether a character is good or less-good, the organism and its habitat must be taken into account. A good character will increase the chance of a species survival. The presence of wings in birds is clearly advantageous as all birds have wings. A less-good character to use would be one that is not so commonly found throughout the animal kingdom, indicating that it has no real advantage, for example hair found only on mammals. Shared ancestral characters and shared derived characters have an effect on phylogenetic trees. A shared ancestral character is where the common ancestor of a taxon has that particular character and has passed it on to its descendants. A shared derived character is where a character evolves and the common ancestor did not have that character. The shared derived character is what is needed to separate species when constructing a tree because it determines the evolutionary relationship. If systematists were to define humans using the character ‘hair it would be fairly useless as all non-human mammals also have hair, therefore making the character ‘hair in this case a shared ancestral character for humans. Systematists use parsimony to construct phylogenetic trees. Concerning phylogenetics, parsimony is the least complex and most likely evolutionary pathway. For example, it is more likely that a backbone only evolved once, producing vertebrates, rather than several times for many different species of vertebrate. To construct a phylogenetic tree the biological species concept can be used as well as the morphological one. Systematists use characters that separate different taxa in order to construct such trees. Examples of characters that could be utilised include the absence or presence of hair, teeth, eyes, a hinged jaw, vertebral column etc. A computer programme is used to construct the tree accurately. Having carried out a practical experiment I can now use evidence to support my ideas. During the practical I constructed two trees. The initial tree was inaccurate as very few of the organisms were placed next to their closest relative. The absence or presence of eyes was a less-good character to use for my classification because it didnt separate the different species correctly. It is not specific enough and it is a shared ancestral character, therefore not reflecting an evolutionary relationship. The character unicellular or multicellular was, on the other hand, a good character to use because it separated the Amoeba from the other organisms. After having reconstructed the tree by changing some of the characters, improvements were made , but it was still not entirely accurate. The oystercatcher (Haematopus ostralegus) and Brontosaurus are grouped together which correctly suggests they are related, as dinosaurs are an ancestor of birds. However, the whale (Cetacea sp), human (Homo sapien) and badger (Meles meles) should be grouped together as they are all mammals. The mistake I made was choosing some characters that were analogous as opposed to homologous. Analogous characters are when species may look alike but are genetically completely dissimilar. They have been subjected to selection pressures which has caused them to develop similar characters needed to survive in their environment. A good example of this is the bat wing and the bird wing. They have not evolved from a common ancestor, but instead have converged from different ancestors. Homologous characters are when species may look completely different but they are very similar genetically because they have both descended from a common ancestor. These characters are useful for the classification of species and should therefore be used for constructing phylogenetic trees. To conclude, the most useful characters I used for this practical were unicellular or multicellular as this separated the Amoeba from the others, and the presence of a backbone as this grouped most of the vertebrates together. A homologous character is the most use when creating a phylogenetic tree and should be used in preference to analogous characters. Â   Bibliography Lecture notes Campbell and Reece Robyn Beck

India, Nigeria and Internal Medicine :: Medicine College Admissions Essays

India, Nigeria and Internal Medicine    My desire to become a physician dates way back into my childhood. My parents migrated to Nigeria in the late 1960's when my father, an academician, decided to help educate children there. This was a country, which then had just gained independence. A person's goals are set by the role models he or she seeks to emulate. My childhood role model is Dr. Raj a physician. I learned from Dr. Raj, that real success and satisfaction is achieved by putting one's beliefs and thoughts into action. Dr. Raj provided quality care to the poor, especially children, alongside his richer clients. This left a lasting impression on me. Later on, when I realized that lots of people actually lacked basic medical care, I always wanted to reach out and help make a difference in the lives of others. Medicine, with its emphasis on service would therefore be the most satisfying career for me.    My interest in internal medicine developed during my training at medical school in Nigeria. Internal medicine offers a wide variety of cases, which makes it as diverse as it is exciting, requiring a problem solving attitude and constant vigilance. Having graduated from a reputed medical school in a developing country, I had the opportunity to get hands-on experience in patient care, right from start. In fact, my medical school had a unique final year program where the focus was essentially on preventive medicine and health education. During this community based health program, we were required to monitor and provide complete health care to people in neighboring villages. While working on our year book during the same year, we were able to raise money from the proceeds of the sale and various other activities (conducting symposium, charity fair, etc.) so as to provide free dug supplies to the underprivileged. All this made me realize the tangible difference one could make in the lives of others.    Upon graduation, I spent two and a half years, working in private hospital settings in India and Nigeria. This has made me a more experienced and mature physician but has left me yearning for more knowledge. For the past three years I have been in the United States and during this time, I have successfully qualified the ECFMG certification examination, USMLE steps I, II & III. I have also worked as a research associate at Stanford University on role of HIF-1( in retinopathy of maturity.